Life Cycle: The life cycle is indirect and use a wide range of intermediate hosts (Santoro et al., 2012).
Description:
Dipelphic. Cordons not enlarged posteriorly. Parasites of terrestrial birds and pelicans (Anderson et al., 2009).
Sources:
Anderson, R.C., Chabaud, A.G., and Willmott, S. 2009. Keys to the Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates. Archival Volume, p. 383-386.
Santoro, M., Mattiucci, S., Nascetti, G., Kinsella, J.M., Prisco, F.D. Troisi, S., D’Alessio, N., Veneziano, V., and Aznar, F.J. 2012. Helminth Communities of Owls (Strigiformes) Indicate Strong Biological and Ecological Differences from Birds of Prey (Accipitriformes and Falconiformes) in Southern Italy. PLOS one.